Zirconium oxide nanoparticles (nano-scale particles) are increasingly investigated for their remarkable biomedical applications. This is due to their unique physicochemical properties, including high surface area. Researchers employ various methods for the preparation of these nanoparticles, such as hydrothermal synthesis. Characterization methods,

Nanomaterials have emerged as promising platforms for a wide range of applications, owing to their unique characteristics. In particular, graphene, with its exceptional electrical conductivity and mechanical strength, has garnered significant attention in the field of material science. However, the full potential of graphene can be greatly enhanced